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James Maxwell McConnell Fisher (3 September 1912 – 25 September 1970) was a British author, editor, broadcaster, naturalist and ornithologist. He was also a leading authority on Gilbert White and made over 1,000 radio and television broadcasts on natural history subjects. Fisher was the son of Kenneth Fisher, (also a keen ornithologist and headmaster of Oundle School from 1922 to 1945); his maternal uncle was the Cheshire naturalist Arnold Boyd. He was educated at Eton, and began studying medicine at Magdalen College, Oxford, but later switched to zoology. He took part in the Oxford Arctic expedition in 1933 as ornithologist. After university he joined London Zoo as an assistant curator, and during the war studied rooks for the Ministry of Agriculture. He later became a leading member of the RSPB and IUCN, a member of the National Parks Commission and vice-chairman of the Countryside Commission. James Fisher was one of the members of the small party that on 18 September 1955 raised the Union Flag and took official possession for the UK of the tiny, uninhabited, rocky islet of Rockall, in the North Atlantic. As well as writing his own books, he was an editor of Collins' New Naturalist series. He was the resident ornithologist in the regular "Nature Parliament" series broadcast in the 1950s on BBC radio as part of Children's Hour. It is likely that his writing and broadcasting played a significant role in the growth of interest in birdwatching in the United Kingdom in the post-Second World War period. He was awarded the British Trust for Ornithology's Bernard Tucker Medal in 1966. He was married to Margery Lilian Edith Turner, and they had 6 children. He died in a car crash in September 1970. After Fisher's death he was commemorated in two ways. A public appeal allowed the seabird island of Copinsay, Orkney, to be purchased as a permanent nature reserve dedicated to his name.〔(Fisher, James Maxwell McConnell (1912–1970), ornithologist ) by Gwynne Vevers, rev. Clemency Thorne Fisher in Dictionary of National Biography online (accessed 21 July 2008)〕 Also, his papers were subsequently purchased by Bruce Coleman and John Burton and presented to The National Archives. ==Bibliography== *1939: ''Animals as Friends and how to Keep Them'' (J. M. Dent and Sons) with Margaret Shaw. *1939 ''Birds as Animals'' (W. Heinemann) *1939 ''The Living Thoughts of Darwin'' (Cassell) with Julian Huxley. *1941 ''The Natural History of Selborne'' (Penguin Books, 1941) editor of Gilbert White's work. *1941 ''Watching Birds'' (Pelican, paperback—sold over 3 million copies. *1942 ''The Birds of Britain'' (W. Collins) *1944 ''Birds of the Village'' (Penguin Books) *1947 ''Bird Recognition 1: sea-birds & waders'' (Pelican Books) (Penguin Books; revised edition 1954) *1951 ''Bird Recognition 2: birds of prey and water-fowl'' (Pelican Books) (Penguin Books) *1952 ''Birds of the Field'' (Collins) *1952 ''The Fulmar'' (Collins) *1952 ''Nature Parliament'' (J. M. Dent) *1953 ''A Thousand Geese'' (Collins, London), with Peter Scott *1954 ''A History of Birds'' (Houghton Mifflin, Boston, Mass.) *1954 ''The Wonderful World; The adventure of the earth we live on'' (Hanover House) Art editor: F. H. K. Henrion *1954 ''Sea-birds: an introduction to the natural history of the sea-birds of the North Atlantic'' (Collins), with Ronald Lockley *1955 ''Bird Recognition 3: rails, game-birds and larger perching and singing birds'' (Pelican Books). (Penguin Books) *1956 ''Adventure of the Sea'' (Rathbone Books) *1956 ''Birds and Beasts'' (Phoenix House) *1956 ''Rockall'' (Bles) *1956 ''Wild America'' (Collins), with Roger Tory Peterson. *1957 ''The Wonderful World of the Sea'' (Garden City Books) *1958 ''Adventure of the Air'' (Rathbone Books) *1958 ''Shackleton and the Antarctic'' (Houghton Mifflin, Boston, Mass.) with Margery Turner Fisher. *1959 ''The Wonderful World of the Air'' (Garden City Books) *1960 ''Nature: Earth, Plants, Animals'' (Macdonald) with Julian Huxley. *1961 ''The Doubleday Pictorial Library of Nature: earth, plants, animals'' (Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y.) with Julian Huxley. *1964 ''Shell Nature Book'' (Littlehampton Book Services, 1964) with Geoffrey Grigson. *1964 ''The World of Birds'' (Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y.) with Roger Tory Peterson. *1966 ''The Migration of Birds'' (Bodley Head) illustrated by Crispin Fisher. *1966 ''The Shell List of British and Irish Birds'' (Ebury Press) *1966 ''The Shell Bird Book'' (Ebury Press) *1966 ''Shell Nature Lovers' Atlas of England, Scotland & Wales'' (Ebury Press) *1967 ''Zoos of the World: The Story of Animals in Captivity'' (Natural History Press) *1969 ''The Red Book - Wildlife in Danger'' (Viking) with Noel Simon and Jack Vincent. *1971 ''Birds: an introduction to ornithology'' (Aldus Books) posthumously with Roger Tory Peterson. *1973 ''List of Mammals which Have Become Extinct or are Possibly Extinct Since 1600'' (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) posthumously with H. A. Goodwin and J. M. Goodwin. *1974 ''Watching Birds'' (Poyser, 1974) posthumously with Jim Flegg, illustrated by Crispin Fisher. *1983 ''Darwin'' (Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, Milan) posthumously with Julian Huxley and Antonello La Vergata. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Fisher (naturalist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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